بررسی تطبیقی خسارت تأخیر تأدیه با ربا
محورهای موضوعی : فقه و حقوق اسلامی
بابک محمدرضاپور
1
(استادیار حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق،دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران.)
فايزه جهانی مقدم
2
(کارشناسی ارشد حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران. )
کلید واژه: خسارت تأخیر تأدیه, ربا, شرط التزام, نظام بانکداری. ,
چکیده مقاله :
در دنیای مبادلات و تجارت بین‌المللی که مبتنی بر گسترش نظام بانکداری است، خسارت تأخیر تأدیه به عنوان یک راهکار در قبال کاهش ارزش واحد پولی و نیز به عنوان یک شرط التزام برای پرداخت دیون از سوی مشتریان در اکثر نظام‌های بانکداری و نیز در قوانین حقوقی مختلف مورد پذیرش قرار گرفته است؛ اما این راهکار در کشورهای اسلامی گاهی با مفهوم ربا تداخل پیدا کرده است به طوری که برخی از فقها نیز آن را مصداق ربا قرار داده و حرام اعلام کرده‌اند. این راهکار در کشور ما نیز مورد بحث‌های فراوانی قرار گرفته است اما از سوی قوه مقننه به عنوان یک اصل مورد پذیرش قرار گرفته است هرچند هنوز هم چالش‌های فراوانی درباره مشروعیت یا عدم مشروعیت اصل خسارت تأخیر تأدیه در نظام بانکداری وجود دارد. در این مقاله سعی بر آن است تا با استفاده از روش کتابخانه ای و اسنادی به بررسی دلالیل اعمال خسارت تأخیر تأدیه در نظام بانکداری پرداخته شود
In the world of exchanges and international trade which is based on the expansion of the banking system, the delayed payment penalty is accepted as a solution to the depreciation of the currency and also as a condition for the obligation to pay debts from customers in most banking systems as well as in various legal rules. But this principle in Islamic countries has sometimes interfered with the concept of Reba, so that some jurists consider it as a Reba and have forbidden it. This principle has been widely debated in our country, but it has been accepted by the legislature as a principle. However, there are still many challenges regarding the legitimacy or lack of legitimacy of the principle of delayed payment penalty in the banking system. In this paper, it is attempted to address the reasons for the legitimacy of the delayed payment penalty in the banking system.
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