• OpenAccess
    • List of Articles مالک

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Trademark Distinctiveness And Strong And Weak Distinguishing Marks
        Mehrdad Ghani Alireza Mohammad Beyki
        Sectional distinctiveness is a requirement for trademark protection. However, all legal systems in determining the distinction of a part of the way to support distinguishing marks, and also the effect of the minimum descriptiveness of the mark, in a way that does not ha More
        Sectional distinctiveness is a requirement for trademark protection. However, all legal systems in determining the distinction of a part of the way to support distinguishing marks, and also the effect of the minimum descriptiveness of the mark, in a way that does not harm the distinctiveness of the trademark, They have not adopted a common approach, so that by delving into the judicial procedure and doctrine of different countries, It is possible to separate the symptoms into weak and strong according to their degree of differentiation, and accordingly different legal protection of trademarks, depending on which of the above categories it is mentioned. The decision of the Federal Court of Switzerland in 2000 and the Benelux Court of Justice, which was later repeatedly upheld by the courts, Doctrine and Administration of Internal Market Harmonization of the European Union is included, It has not had any effect on the jurisprudence of Iran's courts, even if indirectly, And the trace of this separation is evident in the recent decisions of the appeals courts in the field of trademarks. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Examining the Differences and Similarities of Partition and Separation in Property Registration Law
        Fateme Fard_e_falsafi
        Partition, separation, and division each have their own specific definitions and are different from one another. Generally, partition refers to the difference between multiple joint partners, while separation means separating a property or land by the owner. In other wo More
        Partition, separation, and division each have their own specific definitions and are different from one another. Generally, partition refers to the difference between multiple joint partners, while separation means separating a property or land by the owner. In other words, when the partners do not agree on how to divide the joint property, the solution is to request partition. However, in the case of separation, a person can also take action to separate their own land or property. In this research, we intend to focus on the concepts of partition and separation and compare them from the perspective of property registration law Manuscript profile