مسئولیت مدنی و بین‌المللی دولت نسبت به خسارات حاصله در فضای اینترنت
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق مدنیرسول ملکوتی 1 * , مونا خلیل زاده 2
1 - استادیارحقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد پردیس ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیارحقوق خصوصی،گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران.
کلید واژه: : اینترنت, دولت, مسئولیت مدنی, مسئولیت بین‌المللی, ارائه دهندگان خدمات اینترنتی, کاربران. ,
چکیده مقاله :
فضای اینترنت قلمرویی است که زمان و مکان به معنی مرسوم در آن بی معناست، بنابراین حاکمیت و کنترل دولت درآن نیز مصداق کامل ندارد. با این حال دولت (به مفهوم اعم) به عنوان ایجاد کننده منحصر نقطه تماس بین المللی (اینترنت) در کشور، به جهت نظارت ابتدایی که در صدور مجوز ارائه و عرضه خدمات اینترنت به اشخاص حقوقی مانند ISPها یا تفویض اختیارات حاکمیتی خود به برخی حاضران در فضای سایبر از جمله کارگزاران و مستخدمین خود یا وظایفی که در قبال شهروندان عادی دارد یا با انجام برخی اعمال تصدی، ممکن است نسبت به خسارات حاصله ناشی از استفاده از اینترنت مباشرتاً یا از باب تسبیب، مسئولیت مدنی داشته باشد. همچنین در موضوعات بین المللی که صلح و امنیت جهانی دچار مخاطره می‌شود نیز دولت در نتیجه‌ی اعمال زیانباری که شخصاً یا توسط بازیگران خصوصی در فضای اینترنت انجام می‌دهد، مسئولیت بین‌المللی خواهد داشت
Internet space is a territory in which time and place are meaningless in the conventional sense, so government sovereignty and control are not perfect. However, the government (in a sense) as the sole originator of the international (internet) point of contact in the country, for the primary oversight of the licensing and provision of Internet services to legal entities such as ISPs or the transfer of sovereignty to some Attendees in cyberspace, including their agents and employees, or duties to ordinary citizens or to certain corporate actions, may have civil liability for damages resulting from the use of the Internet stewardship or retaliation. Also in international crimes that endanger world peace and security, the government will also have international responsibility as a result of acts of harm done personally or by private actors. Cyber-attacks as a Wrongful international act by the government with government bodies have been greatly reduced due to their ability to identify and attribute to the government, and governments are seeking to curb the These nongovernmental actors carry out such attacks in order to avoid responsibility.
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