بارداری : حق یا تکلیف
محورهای موضوعی : wife's rights
ندا اکبر زاده
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، دانشگاه گیلان، ایران.)
کلید واژه: فرزند آوری, حق, قاعده لاضرر, سوء معاشرت,
چکیده مقاله :
ازدواج امر مقدسی است و آثار و پیامد های متفاوتی از آن نا شی می شود. یکی از اهداف افراد از ازدواج و تشکیل خانواده٬ داشتن فرزند است. فرزندی که پدر و مادر او را آینه تمام نمای خود می دانند. اما گاهی زوج با باردار شدن زوجه مخالفت می کند و دلیل قانع کننده ای هم برای این امر ندارد. از طرفی مسئله این است که آیا فرزند آوری حق است و اگر اینگونه باشد حق هر دو طرف است یا صرفا حق یکی از زوجین؟ از فحوای کلام فقها استنباط می شود که فرزند آوری جزء حقوق هر دو طرف است نه صرفا حق مرد. به همان اندازه که مرد حق باردار کردن زن را دارد ٬ زن نیز حق بارور شدن دارد. اگر حق زن نادیده گرفته شود و زوج حاضر نباشد که فرزند دار شوند با توجه به قاعده لاضرر و اینکه مرد در روابط زناشویی دچار سوء معاشرت شده است می توان قائل بود که زوجه حق طلاق دارد.
Matrimony is a sacred event and different affects and consequences arise from it. One of the purposes of people in marriage is having baby, a baby who is the plenipotentiary representative of his/her parents. However, sometimes husband is opposed to her wife pregnancy without any compelling reason. The question is whether childbearing is a right? And if the answer is positive, it is the right of both wife and husband or just one of them? We can understand from the context of jurists and Islamic scholars that childbearing is a right of both parents (not merely a right for man). As husband has the right of getting pregnant, the wife also has the right to become pregnant. According to La Zarar (no prejudice) rule and the assumption of husband’s misconduct, the wife would have the right to divorce if the right of wife (become pregnant) be ignored and man refuse to have a baby.
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