List of Articles behshid arfania

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  1 - Civil Liability of Minor Supervisor Against his detrimental Act in Iran and England’s Law
  Maryam  Tafazoli Mehrjardi Behshid Arfania
  Minors cannot manage their affairs personally because of their age or physical disabilities and they need the help of others in the realm of life. The legislator has been supporting them, in addition to the stone that has been prescribed for the protection of their righ More

  Minors cannot manage their affairs personally because of their age or physical disabilities and they need the help of others in the realm of life. The legislator has been supporting them, in addition to the stone that has been prescribed for the protection of their rights and interests, Has designated a person or persons to manage their affairs. The civil liability of the supervisor against a minor is either a law or a fault-based contract and he is held liable if the supervisor declines to keep the money. In the Iranian legal system under Article 1238 Civil Law and Article 7 Civil Liability Law if the supervisor fails to maintain custody and harm the child to others and common law system, it is the responsibility of the superintendent to fulfill the civil responsibility of the child, and he is held responsible for what he has done in the custody of the child. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Investigating The Element Of Fault In The Civil Liability Of The Minor Guardian In Iran And England’s Law
  Maryam  Tafazoli Mehrjardi behshid arfania
  The objective of civil liability is to maintain the coexistence of individuals in society; If a person inflicts unlawful harm on other person, he is responsible for the effects of his harmful actions. Therefore, regardless of the injurer’s physical and mental conditions More

  The objective of civil liability is to maintain the coexistence of individuals in society; If a person inflicts unlawful harm on other person, he is responsible for the effects of his harmful actions. Therefore, regardless of the injurer’s physical and mental conditions, what he has done should be examined as being in conflict or compliance with the behavior of a reasonable or normal human being as a criterion of fault. In Iranian law, fault has a social meaning and therefore minors can be deemed guilty and responsible in this respect. If a guardian is responsible to maintain or to take care of a minor according to the law or the contract and commits a fault accordingly, the minor is not responsible but the person who has failed to maintain or to take care of the minor will be responsible for the compensation. Under English law, guardians, including parents and others caring for minors, have no representative responsibility for minors’ faults. The guardian is only responsible if he or she has personally failed to take care of or has motivated the minor to commit a fault. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Comparative Study Of Realm Of Civil Liability Of A Minor Guardian In Iranian, England And French Law
  Maryam  Tafazoli Mehrjardi Behshid Arfania
  The principle of personal responsibility is accepted by different sharia and legal systems. Therefore, no one can bear the burden of another sin, and this principle is in the law of civil liability. Therefore, with the evolution of human social life and the development More

  The principle of personal responsibility is accepted by different sharia and legal systems. Therefore, no one can bear the burden of another sin, and this principle is in the law of civil liability. Therefore, with the evolution of human social life and the development of civilization and urbanization and moving away from tribal life, the principle of collective civil responsibility has been shaken, and whoever causes harm to another must compensate the loss himself.In Iranian, England and French law, Civil liability resulting from a minor harmful act is one of the examples of liability resulting from a non-harmful act. Therefore, in Iranian law, those who are in charge of caring for, care or educating a minor, if they fail in this task and as a result, the minor harms another, are guilty according to Article 7 of the civil liability law, and they will be obliged to compensate the damage and if he has not failed, he will be examined according to Article 1216 civil law. This rule is an exception to the principle of personal civil liability. Therefore, the purpose of civil liability in all three countries is to compensate the victims; If the terms and conditions of minor civil liability are met, the injured party has the right to seek redress from the guardian. The minor guardian, like any other civil liability, is only liable for damages attributable to himself resulting from the minor act. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Examining The Methods Of Compensation For Minor Damages In Iranian And British Law
  Maryam  Tafazoli Mehrjardi Behshid Arfania
  10.61186/ahrar.38612.2.4.82
  The purpose of civil liability is to compensate the injured party. If the terms and conditions of civil liability of the minor guardian are met, the injured party has the right to seek compensation from the guardian. In Iranian law, the purpose of compensating the inj More

  The purpose of civil liability is to compensate the injured party. If the terms and conditions of civil liability of the minor guardian are met, the injured party has the right to seek compensation from the guardian. In Iranian law, the purpose of compensating the injured party is to return him/her to his/her former state. This means that the damage caused should be compensated and restored in a way as if it has not been occurred at all. The minor guardian, like any other civil responsible person, is only liable for the attributable damages resulting from the minor’s act. In the common law system, civil liability arises from the act or omission, which has caused damage to the other, mainly due to the negligence of the perpetrator, and he/she must take action to compensate it. If in order to determine the pattern of care and compliance, the performance of the harmful person is evaluated with the performance of the normal person, which is sometimes related to the action of the harmful person such as probability of loss and probable damage and sometimes related to the injured person. Manuscript profile